Exclusions & adjustments: - last_price excluded (avoids settlement-convergence contaminating the implied signal). - implied = candlestick YES bid/ask mid at a fixed horizon before close; only candles with spread <= 10c included. - Fees modeled at 0.07*P*(1-P) per side. - No backfill applied. Window is contiguous; no interpolation of missing candles. - Calibration is FULL-SAMPLE (not yet out-of-sample). OOS chronological split is the next artifact.